By akademiotoelektronik, 25/10/2022

The Spatial Dream of China evolves in over-off: a long step towards the moon, Mars and beyond

Feb 11.2021 13:33:26 Ist

The successful entry of the Chinese probe Tianwen-1 on the orbit of March Wednesday stressed how much the country has progressed in the realization of its spatial dream.Beijing has invested billions in its spatial program managed by the army, in the hope of having a space station with crew by 2022 and possibly send humans to the moon.The country has traveled a long way in its race to make up for the United States and Russia, whose astronauts and cosmonauts have decades of spatial exploration.But Beijing sees its space project as a brand of its growing world stature and its growing technological power.

Photo of archives published by the Chinese news agency Xinhua, a long rocket March-5 carrying the Tianwen-March 1 probe takes off from the Wenchang space launch center in the province of Hainan, in southern China.The Chinese probe Tianwen-1 on Mars, which exploded in space in July, is now more than 15 million kilometers away.Image credit: Cai Yang / Xinhua via AP

Here is an overview of the China space program over the decades and its management:

Mao's wish

Shortly after the launch of Spoutnik by the Soviet Union in 1957, President Mao Zedong said: "We too will make satellites".

It took more than a decade, but in 1970 China launched its first satellite on a long march rocket.The inhabited space flight lasted more decades, Yang Liwei becoming the first Chinese "Taikonaut" in 2003.As the launch approaches, concerns about the viability of the mission led Beijing to cancel a live television program at the last minute.But it went well, with Yang orbit around the earth 14 times during a 21 hour flight aboard the Shenzhou 5.

China has launched five missions with crew since.

Space station and ‘Jade Rabbit’

In the footsteps of the United States and Russia, China strives to build a space station going around the planet.The Tiangong-1 laboratory was launched in September 2011.

In 2013, the second Chinese woman in space, Wang Yaping, gave a video course from the inside of the space module to children in the most populous country in the world.The machine has also been used for medical experiments and, above all, tests intended to prepare the construction of a space station.

This was followed by the lunar rover "Jade Rabbit" in 2013, which appeared for the first time as a failure when he became dormant and ceased to send signals to earth.However, he made a spectacular recovery, ultimately monitoring the surface of the moon for 31 months-far beyond his planned lifespan.

In 2016, China launched its second orbital laboratory, the Tiangong-2.The Taikonauts who visited the station conducted experiences on rice cultivation and other plants.

‘Spatial dream’

Under President Xi Jinping, the plans for China's "spatial dream", as he calls it, were undermined.China finally seeks to catch up with the United States and Russia after years to catch their milestones late.

In addition to a space station, China also plans to build a base on the Moon, and the country's national space administration said it was planning to launch a lunar mission with crew by 2029.But lunar work underwent a setback in 2017 when long on March 5, Y2, a powerful heavy transport rocket, failed to embark on a mission to send communication satellites in orbit.This forced the postponement of the launch of Chang’e-5, which was originally to collect samples from the Moon in the second half of 2017.

Another robot, Chang’e-4, landed on the other side of the moon in January 2019-a historic first.

This was followed by the one who landed on the side near the moon at the end of last year and hoisted a Chinese flag on the surface of the moon.The unmanned Chinese spacecraft returned to earth in December with rocks and moon floor - the first lunar samples collected in four decades.

And the first images of Mars were returned by the Tianwen-1 of five tonnes this month, a few days before entering the orbit of the red planet.It includes a Mars orbiter, a landing and a rover who will study the soil of the planet.China finally hopes to land the rover in May in Utopia, a massive impact basin on Mars.

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